Methodology

Who verifies this

Records here are reviewed and published by The Verification Desk, the sourcing and fact-checking editorial standard used across this site and its sibling research sites. It is an accountable editorial standard, not a marketing brand and not a single byline: before any claim goes public, the primary source is independently re-fetched and the quote confirmed to match, separate from whoever first found it, then dated. Corrections are kept visible in history. The name stays consistent everywhere it appears so the standard behind a page is traceable, and so corrections have an owner.

The Verification Standard

Every record is decided by the same repeatable method, which we call The Verification Standard: (1) locate the primary source (official code, statute, court opinion, manufacturer document, or a directly observed market listing; (2) quote it verbatim and record its URL; (3) independently re-fetch and confirm that quote in the live source before publishing, then date it; (4) issue a plain Buy-Risk Verdict with an explicit confidence level, and keep every later correction visible. A record that cannot clear all four steps is held, not guessed.

Publication states

Research means a target exists but no public verdict is allowed. Reviewed means evidence is being adjudicated. Published means the record passed automated and human publication gates.

Evidence hierarchy

1. Official/OEM/regulatory primary sources.
2. Observed market transactions or clearly identified current listings.
3. Specialist repair/service evidence with disclosed context.
4. Owner/forum evidence used for hypothesis generation, never as sole proof of a hard number.

No fake precision

Ranges, sample sizes, dates, and uncertainty are shown whenever available. A missing number is preferable to a fabricated one.

Corrections

Corrections update the visible record and remain auditable in repository history. A strong claim can be downgraded when better evidence arrives.